St. Vitus Cathedral
St. Vitus Cathedral is not only the iconic architectural masterpiece within Prague Castle but also a vibrant museum of history and art. Inside, it houses a treasure trove of religious artifacts, including stunning stained glass windows that tell the story of Christianity and intriguing statues that honour the saints. Every nook and cranny of the cathedral exudes an atmosphere of mystery and devotion, inviting visitors to immerse themselves in Prague’s rich spiritual heritage.
St. Vitus Cathedral defines the character of Prague Castle, soaring to an impressive height of 99 meters and standing as a must-see highlight of your visit. As you approach, the majestic structure becomes less visible, hidden behind other buildings within the castle complex. It's only when you pass through the gate that the full splendor of the cathedral is revealed in all its glory. The first glimpse of the imposing doors and the stunning Christian imagery above is truly breathtaking. Each visit quickens my heart, as it signals that I am on the brink of experiencing one of the most iconic landmarks in Prague.
Walk around the Cathedral
Even if you decide not to go inside, you're treated to a visual spectacle just by walking around the cathedral. Look up as you stroll around, and you’ll notice various elements and details that might slip by if you’re not paying attention:
The Mosaic of the Last Judgment
The mosaic of the Last Judgment at St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague is a religious masterpiece created between 1370 and 1372, likely by the Venetian mosaic artist Niccolò Semitecolo.
This stunning mosaic depicts the apocalyptic scene of the Last Judgment, featuring Christ at the center as the judge, surrounded by angels and saints. The intricate details and vibrant colours breathe life into the dramatic moment, captivating all who gaze upon it. This artwork is not only a religious symbol but also an iconic example of the Gothic art and architecture that defines the cathedral, showcasing the rich cultural heritage of Prague.
The Decorations
On the side of the cathedral, in the third courtyard of Prague Castle, you'll find a series of ornate gates adorned with intricate depictions of various trades. These detailed representations celebrate the craftsmanship and skills of different professions, adding an extra layer of artistry to the cathedral’s already magnificent surroundings.
The Gargoyles
Every architect who contributed to the cathedral crafted their own gargoyle, and there are over a hundred to be found, with each one (almost) uniquely designed.
While it might be a bit excessive to showcase them all, these two made the cut.
The Architects
The architects of the final section of St. Vitus Cathedral immortalized themselves in the façade of the cathedral.
You can find the likenesses of Josef Mocker, Kamil Hilbert, Zdenek Wirth and Frantisek Kyselaon either side above the previously mentioned doors, serving as a testament to their significant contributions to this architectural masterpiece.
History of the Cathedral
St. Vitus Cathedral traces its origins back to 1344, when Charles IV decided to replace the old church from 926. With nearly 600 years of construction, you can see various architectural styles reflected in its design. The completion of the cathedral was officially marked in 1929.
While it may sound like the cathedral was unfinished until 1929, that’s not the case. Additional structures have been continuously added over the years.
It took nearly 600 years to build the Cathedral
French Influences
The impetus for the cathedral's construction was Prague's elevation from a diocese to an archdiocese. Charles IV, who grew up in France, aimed to surpass the Gothic cathedrals of Narbonne, Rodez, and Toulouse with a new masterpiece. He enlisted the French architect Mathias of Arras to bring his vision to life; however, he passed away in 1352 before the project was completed. The task then fell to the 23-year-old German architect Peter Parler.
For about a century, work continued on the cathedral, with contributions from Parler’s sons. Significant modifications were made in the 19th century, all while preserving the distinctive Parler style.
The cathedral's awe-inspiring interior
It's time to enter cathedral
The moment you step inside the cathedral, you suddenly feel incredibly small.
The soaring vaulted ceilings stretch high above, creating a sense of grandeur that is both inspiring and humbling. The soft glow of sunlight filters through the magnificent stained glass windows, casting vibrant colours across the stone floor and illuminating the intricate details of the interior.
Your eyes are drawn to the stunning artwork that adorns the walls and chapels, each piece telling a story of faith and history. The delicate sculptures and ornate altars evoke a sense of devotion, inviting you to pause and reflect. The cathedral’s rich atmosphere and profound beauty offer a unique opportunity to connect with Prague's spiritual heritage, making every moment spent inside a memorable experience.
What else can you discover inside St. Vitus Cathedral?
- The Coronation Site
St. Vitus Cathedral was the grand location where Czech kings were crowned. This tradition, deeply rooted in the history of the Czech Republic, made the cathedral a symbol of national pride and authority. - Resting Place of Monarchs and Nobles
The cathedral serves as the final resting place for many important Czech monarchs, nobles, and high-ranking church officials. Their remains are carefully preserved in the crypt beneath the cathedral, making it a significant historical landmark. - Charles IV's Legacy
Charles IV, the first Czech monarch to be crowned in the cathedral, is also buried here. His influence on the cathedral’s design and its historical importance is undeniable, marking him as a pivotal figure in its history. - The Crown Jewels Chamber
Hidden deep within the cathedral is a chamber that houses the Czech Crown Jewels, which are displayed only on rare occasions. The chamber can only be unlocked with seven different keys held by high-ranking officials, making it a mysterious and revered part of the cathedral. - The Chapel of St. Wenceslas
One of the most treasured parts of the cathedral is the Chapel of St. Wenceslas, built on the site of the original rotunda. This chapel is an architectural gem, known for its elaborate decoration and religious significance. - The Silver Tomb of St. John Nepomuk
Within the cathedral, you’ll find the striking silver tomb of St. John Nepomuk, the most revered saint in the Czech Republic. His statue on Charles Bridge is a major pilgrimage site, and his tomb inside St. Vitus is equally significant. - Alfons Mucha's Stained Glass Window
Thanks to renowned Czech artist Alfons Mucha, the cathedral is home to a stunning stained glass window that has graced its interior since 1931. Located as the third window upon entering, it stands as a masterpiece of art and light.
Tips:
- If you only want to see the exterior, visit after dark. The castle is quiet then, and the illuminated cathedral looks even more stunning than during the day.
- Arrive early if you want to beat the crowds. The cathedral opens at 9 AM, and it’s usually less busy compared to midday.
- You don’t need a ticket to enter the cathedral, but if you want to see the whole cathedral, a ticket is required. Take a look around first and decide if it’s worth seeing the entire interior.
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