Old New Synagoge
The Old-New Synagogue is the oldest monument in Prague's Jewish Quarter (built in 1275) and one of the oldest functioning synagogues in Europe. For over seven hundred years, this house of worship has served as the main synagogue for the Jewish community in Prague.
Constructed at the end of the thirteenth century in early Gothic style by stone masons from the royal foundry, the builders were also working on the nearby St. Agnes Monastery. Since it was not permitted for Jews to be master builders at that time, the synagogue was designed by Christians.
The Old-New Synagogue is situated at a lower level than the other buildings in the city, as the level of the Old Town was raised by one to five meters during the thirteenth century as part of flood management measures.
This house of worship reflects the significant position of the Jewish community in Prague at that time. Originally named the New or Great Synagogue, it was only renamed the Old-New Synagogue with the establishment of other synagogues at the end of the 16th century.
Legends of the Golem, Angels, and a 'Curse'
The Old-New Synagogue has long been held in high esteem in Prague's Jewish Quarter and among Jewish communities abroad. Over the centuries, four legends have emerged:
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The Golem's Remains: It is said that the remains of the Golem are buried in the attic of the synagogue. This artificial being was created by the great Rabbi Löw to serve the Jewish people. However, when the Golem began to seek its own independence and became a danger to those around it, the rabbi rendered it lifeless to protect the Prague community. You can read more about the legend of the Golem.
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Angels and the Stones: According to legend, angels brought the stones for building the synagogue from the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem to Prague. They were placed in the synagogue on the condition that they would return to their original location once the Messiah arrived. This event led to the synagogue being named Al-tenaj (meaning 'condition' in Hebrew), from which the later name Altneu (German for 'Old-New') derived, reflecting the official languages during the Habsburg period.
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Protection by Angelic Wings: The wings of angels, which transformed into doves, are said to have protected the synagogue during the fires that plagued the city. Remarkably, the synagogue has survived to this day without serious damage.
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The Rabbi's Seat: It is believed that no one may sit in the seat of the Chief Rabbi, as doing so would result in death within a year. This is seen as a sign of respect and reverence for the memory of Maharal (Rabbi Löw), who served there.
Read more about the Jewish Quarter:
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